The numbers
What a roofing shop actually runs on. Published figures retain their citations and confidence badges. Research-pass counts describe repeated review runs, not independent evidence.
What could one customer property be worth to your trade?
Estimate one property, then compare the same scoped method with Level's measured building stock across all 50 states, DC, and 100 metros. Commercial and residential evidence stay separate, and every planning assumption is editable.
Download the canonical 2,265-row CSV. TradeIndex links to Level's source rather than copying the matrix.
The two axes
AI-Resilience
68.5AI-Leverage
81.1Sub-score weights and definitions: methodology.
What does a roofing business sell for?
Roofing businesses sell for 2.5x to 10x EBITDA. Published sources give a range rather than a tier-by-tier ladder for this trade, so the figures above span every buyer type and company size. Based on 2025-2026 transactions. That places roofing 7 of 13 trades on the index by top-of-range multiple.
Source: Forbes Partners (2025) · 3 research passes
Why buyers are active. The four largest firms hold 4.4% of this market, which is the fragmentation that makes a roll-up cheaper to assemble than to build. Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 'Small Business Size Standards: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting; Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction; Utilities; Construction', Proposed Rule, 85 FR 62239 (October 2, 2020), Table 4 'Size Standards Supported by Each Factor for Each Industry (Receipts)' at 85 FR 62248, column (6) headed 'Four-firm ratio (%)', row NAICS 238160 Roofing Contractors. Derived by SBA from the U.S. Census Bureau special tabulation of the 2012 Economic Census. ↗ · 1 research pass
Who is buying, and what they pay for
Current buyer demand for US roofing businesses is exceptionally strong, driven by private equity funds, PE-backed platform consolidators, and strategic corporate acquirers. Acquirers are drawn to the trade's extreme fragmentation ( top operators hold ~4-6% of the $50B+ US market), non-discretionary repair/replacement demand, low capital intensity, and high free cash flow conversion. Buyers value most: (1) recurring and re-occurring revenue streams from commercial maintenance agreements and self-pay residential re-roofing over cyclical new construction; (2) strong EBITDA margins (10%-15%+); (3) geographic density and contiguous hub-and-spoke expansion potential; and (4) technology-enhanced operations with professionalized management independent of the founder.
Source: KPMG Corporate Finance, Roofing Contracting: M&A Market Update (2026) ↗
Named acquirers. Prominent PE platforms and acquirers actively consolidating the US roofing trade include: (1) Tecta America, majority-owned by Altas Partners with minority investment from Leonard Green & Partners, operating as the nation's largest commercial roofing platform with over 85 locations across 32 states (notable add-ons include J Reynolds & Co); (2) Rampart Exterior Services, launched in 2024 by Huron Capital as an ExecFactor platform, which acquired Independent Roofing Systems (2024), Port Enterprises (2025), and Colorado Moisture Control (2026); (3) Valor Exterior Partners, backed by Osceola Capital Management, which acquired Roofing King (March 2025), Kirkin Exteriors (July 2025), and Kingdom Krafters (2025); (4) Omnia Exterior Solutions, launched in May 2023 by CCMP Growth Advisors, which scaled to 11 residential roofing partnerships across 22 states (including Brandon J Roofing, Great Roofing, and James & Whitney Company); and (5) Ridgeline Roofing & Restoration, backed by Bertram Capital and Everberg Capital, which acquired Signature Exteriors and Bold North Roofing in 2025.
Source: PE Hub (2021, 2024, 2025, 2026); PitchBook (2025); Buyouts / PEI Group (2023) ↗
A multiple is applied to adjusted EBITDA, and for most contractors that earnings figure is the contested part: job costing that misallocates labor, untracked work in progress, and un-normalized owner compensation all move it before any multiple applies, and a buyer recomputes it in diligence. Level CFO publishes the operating side of that, contractor margin and cash benchmarks by trade. Compare every trade’s multiple side by side on what trade businesses sell for.
The research
Published numbers retain citations from public sources such as BLS/OEWS, licensing boards, permit records, and public filings. Badges show confidence and repeated research-pass counts. Pass counts are workflow metadata, not counts of independent evidence sources.
Labor & workforce
Wages & compensation
| Median Hourly Wage3 research passes · official source | $24.51 |
| Median Annual Wage3 research passes · official source | $51K |
| Pct25 Hourly Wage3 research passes · official source | $21.78 |
| Pct75 Hourly Wage3 research passes · official source | $30.78 |
| Pct90 Hourly Wage3 research passes · official source | $38.84 |
| Pct10 Hourly Wage3 research passes · official source | $17.82 |
Employment
| Us Employment4 research passes · official source | 166,700 |
| Projected 10yr Growth4 research passes · official source | 6% |
| Annual Openings4 research passes · official source | 12,700 |
| Projected 10yr Net Change4 research passes · official source | 9,800 |
Sources (1)
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2024-2034 Employment Projections ↗
Labor shortage
| Unfilled Openings5 research passes · medium | 40,000 |
| Vacancy Rate3 research passes · medium | 3.5% |
| Vacancy Rate Pct Shared Across | 7% |
Shortage Note. According to Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC), the U.S. construction industry will need approximately 349,000 net new workers in 2026 and 456,000 additional workers in 2027, on top of normal hiring, just to keep supply and demand in balance.
Vacancy Rate Pct Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 7 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Workforce aging
| Median Worker Age5 research passes · high confidence | 36.6 |
| Pct Over 555 research passes · medium | 12.36 |
Retirement Note. An estimated 12,700 job openings for roofers are projected annually from 2024 to 2034, primarily driven by the need to replace workers exiting the labor force to retire or transfer to other occupations.
Training pipeline
| Apprenticeship Enrollment3 research passes · official source | 5,204 |
Pipeline Gap Note. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects approximately 12,700 annual job openings for roofers on average from 2024 to 2034, driven primarily by worker retirements and occupational transfers. This demand significantly exceeds the active registered apprenticeship pipeline, contributing to documented labor shortages where 85% of roofing contractors report difficulty finding skilled workers according to the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) 2024 Labor Survey.
Sources (2)
- U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Registered Apprenticeship Data and Statistics, FY 2021
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Roofers (2024-2034 Projections), National Roofing Contractors Association, NRCA 2024 Labor Survey, https://www.nrca.net ↗
Immigration reliance
| Pct Foreign Born5 research passes · high confidence | 53 |
Visa Dependence Note. Roofing contractors utilize the federal H-2B Non-Agricultural Temporary Worker Visa program to meet seasonal and peak-load labor demand; however, the program's utility is constrained by a statutory annual cap of 66,000 visas (plus periodic supplemental DHS allocations), leading many contractors to rely on undocumented immigrant labor or long-term domestic pools to cover persistent trade shortages.
Sources (2)
- National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) analysis of U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 1-Year Estimates
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security / U.S. Department of Labor H-2B Temporary Nonagricultural Program Guidelines & NAHB Analysis, 2024 ↗
Unionization
| Union Membership3 research passes · verified | 6.09% |
Prevailing Wage Note. Public works and federally funded construction projects subject to the Davis-Bacon Act (DBA) require contractors to pay locally prevailing wage rates and fringe benefits for the Roofers trade (classified under 'ROOF' representing the United Union of Roofers, Waterproofers and Allied Workers). Rates are predetermined by county and project type by the U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division.
Sources (2)
- Union Membership and Coverage Database from the CPS (unionstats.com), compiled by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even, 'Union Membership, Coverage, Density, and Employment by Occupation, 1983-2023' ↗
- U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), Wage and Hour Division, Prevailing Wage Resource Book, 'DB Wage Determinations' (2013) ↗
Licensing & credentials
| States Requiring License5 research passes · medium | 34 |
Bonding Note. Surety bond requirements for roofing contractors typically range between $5,000 and $25,000 depending on the state jurisdiction and project classification (residential vs. commercial). State licensing boards also commonly require general liability insurance minimums starting between $300,000 and $500,000 per occurrence, along with mandatory workers' compensation insurance for employers.
Reciprocity Note. Direct state-to-state reciprocity for roofing licenses remains limited. While 18 states accept the standardized NASCLA Accredited Examination for Commercial General Building Contractors to satisfy technical trade exam requirements, license reciprocity is not automatic. Contractors moving across state lines must still submit individual state board applications, satisfy local experience and bonding criteria, and pass state-specific business and law exams.
Market structure & size
Market size
| Market Size4 research passes · high confidence | $92.5B |
| Cagr3 research passes · medium | 5% |
| Cagr Forecast Window | 2021-2026 |
Sources (1)
- IBISWorld, Roofing Contractors in the US Industry Report, 2026 ↗
Firm counts
| Num Establishments5 research passes · official source | 24,532 |
| Num Firms5 research passes · official source | 24,044 |
| Avg Employees Per Firm5 research passes · official source | 8.53 |
Sources (1)
- U.S. Census Bureau, Statistics of U.S. Businesses (SUSB) ↗
Fragmentation
| Top4 Firm Share1 research pass · official source | 4.4% |
Mom And Pop Share Note. According to U.S. Census Bureau data and IBISWorld estimates, nonemployer firms account for over 50% of total industry enterprises, and over 50% of employer establishments in NAICS 238160 employ fewer than four people, reflecting an industry heavily dominated by small local operators.
Sources (2)
- U.S. Small Business Administration, 'Small Business Size Standards: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting; Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction; Utilities; Construction', Proposed Rule, 85 FR 62239 (October 2, 2020), Table 4 'Size Standards Supported by Each Factor for Each Industry (Receipts)' at 85 FR 62248, column (6) headed 'Four-firm ratio (%)', row NAICS 238160 Roofing Contractors. Derived by SBA from the U.S. Census Bureau special tabulation of the 2012 Economic Census. ↗
- IBISWorld, Roofing Contractors in the US (NAICS 23816), 2024 ↗
Franchise penetration
Franchise Trend Note. The U.S. roofing contractors market is historically dominated by independent local operators, with over 108,000 businesses nationwide and no single company holding a market share greater than 5%. However, the mix is actively trending toward higher franchise and platform penetration, driven by rapid unit expansion from emerging franchise brands and private equity consolidation as independent contractors face rising technology costs, material inflation, and tightening insurance carrier claim requirements.
Sources (1)
- IBISWorld, 2026 ↗
Unit economics
Margins
| Gross Margin3 research passes · medium | 30% |
| Operating Margin2 research passes · verified | 15% |
| Net Margin3 research passes · medium | 5.3% |
| Net Margin Pct Shared Across | 4% |
Net Margin Pct Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 4 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Sources (3)
- IBISWorld Industry Report: Roofing Contractors in the US (NAICS 23816), 2025 (); cross-checked against CFMA 2024 Construction Financial Benchmarker Executive Summary for Specialty Trade Contractors reporting 22.4% . ↗
- IBISWorld Industry Report: Roofing Contractors in the US (NAICS 23816), 2025 (). ↗
- IBISWorld Industry Report: Roofing Contractors in the US (NAICS 23816), 2025 (); cross-checked against CFMA 2024 Construction Financial Benchmarker Executive Summary reporting 7.7% net income before taxes for Specialty Trade Contractors . ↗
Cost structure
| Labor Pct Of Revenue2 research passes · medium | 25.2 |
| Materials Pct Of Revenue2 research passes · medium | 43.1 |
| Sga Overhead2 research passes · medium | 12.5% |
Sources (3)
- IBISWorld Industry Report 23816: Roofing Contractors in the US (2023) - ↗
- IBISWorld, Roofing Contractors in the US (NAICS 23816), 2024 ↗
- Trade Economy Index research synthesis: median of 1 cited research input: Construction Financial Management Association (CFMA) Construction Financial Benchmarks Report (2024) - ↗
Productivity
| Revenue Per Employee3 research passes · high confidence | $341K |
Sources (1)
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 Economic Census (Table EC2223BASIC, NAICS 238160 - Roofing Contractors) and 2022 County Business Patterns ↗
Seasonality
Peak Period Note. Demand for roofing contracting and building products peaks during the second and third calendar quarters (Q2 and Q3, extending into Q4), corresponding with favorable weather conditions for construction and re-roofing activity. Conversely, the first quarter (Q1 ending March 31) represents the seasonal trough due to winter weather conditions and cold temperatures restricting outdoor installation.
Cyclicality Note. The US roofing contracting industry is driven primarily by replacement and re-roofing demand (representing approximately 70% to 80% of total activity), which provides structural baseline stability across economic cycles. The remaining 20% to 30% is tied to cyclical new residential and commercial construction, which is sensitive to interest rates, housing starts, and macroeconomic conditions. Unpredictable severe weather events (such as hail storms and hurricanes) drive significant non-cyclical demand spikes for restoration and repair.
Cash & working capital
Cash cycle
| Dso Days1 research pass · medium | 56.6 days |
| Dpo Days2 research passes · medium | 33 days |
| Dpo Days Shared Across | 8 |
| Dso Days Shared Across | 11 |
Cash Cycle Note. The two ends of the cycle are published on a contractor population and shown above: days of receivables 56.6 and days to liquidate trade payables 33, both from the CFMA Construction Financial Benchmarker for specialty trade contractors. A full cash conversion cycle needs a third term, and that one does not exist on a contractor frame. The classic formula adds days inventory outstanding, but a roofing contractor does not hold inventory the way a distributor does: material goes to a job, and the money that sits still is retainage and unbilled work in place, which no contractor benchmark publishes as a days figure. A previous version of this row filled the gap from one public installer's 10-K and subtracted its payables, which measured a single company that also distributes building products, not roofing contractors. That number is gone and is not replaced with an estimate, because the missing term would be invented rather than derived.
Dpo Days Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 8 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Dso Days Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 11 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Sources (3)
- CFMA 2024 Construction Financial Benchmarker, average days of accounts receivable for Specialty Trade Contractors (Construction Financial Management Association) ↗
- CFMA 2022 Construction Financial Benchmarker Executive Summary (2022)
- CFMA Construction Financial Benchmarker, specialty trade contractor days of accounts receivable and days to liquidate trade payables ↗
Retainage & liens
| Typical Retainage1 research pass · medium | 10% |
| Payment Dispute1 research pass · limited support | 30% |
| Typical Retainage Pct Shared Across | 11 |
Typical Retainage Pct Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 11 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Bad debt
| Bad Debt Write Off5 research passes · medium | 0.12% |
| Collection Rate4 research passes · high confidence | 80.4% |
| Bad Debt Write Off Pct Shared Across | 7 |
Bad Debt Write Off Pct Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 7 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Sources (2)
- Beacon Roofing Supply, Inc. Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2024
- Trade Economy Index research synthesis: median of 3 cited research inputs: Level CFO, Contractor Collection Rates Benchmark Study (NAICS 238160 / Specialty Contractors, n=464), 2026, | RSM / CFMA Construction Industry Benchmarks (2025), https://cfma.org | National Association of Credit Management (NACM), Credit Management Metrics & CEI Benchmarks, 2025, https://nacm.org ↗
AI exposure & technology
AI task exposure
| Pct Physical Onsite Work3 research passes · medium | 69 |
| Pct Cognitive Backoffice Work3 research passes · medium | 31 |
Task Breakdown Note. According to O*NET activity data for Roofers (SOC 47-2181.00), work time is predominantly dedicated to physical, on-site labor including installing shingles and roofing systems, applying adhesives/sealants, cutting flashing and underlayment, and setting up scaffolding. Cognitive, coordination, and back-office tasks comprise inspecting structures to determine repair needs, estimating material and labor requirements, reviewing project specifications, and coordinating job logistics.
Ai Resistant Work. Physical installation and manual labor on the job site remain highly resistant to AI and robotic automation. Key physical tasks that are hard to replace include: manual tear-off of damaged shingles, felt, and rotted plywood decking; precision hand-flashing around chimneys, skylights, plumbing vents, and wall intersections; custom sheet-metal fabrication; heat-welding single-ply TPO/EPDM membrane seams; and installing tile, slate, or shingles on complex, high-pitch steep slopes. These tasks require real-time tactile judgment, fine motor skills, structural integrity assessment, dynamic balance, and physical agility under hazardous and extreme outdoor weather conditions.limited support
Automatable Work. Back-office operations, estimating, inspection analysis, and sales coordination are the most automatable tasks in the roofing trade. Key automatable functions include: (1) Aerial and remote roof measuring using satellite, aircraft, or drone photogrammetry to calculate roof square footage, slope, and waste factor automatically; (2) Computer vision defect detection to analyze drone or smartphone photos for hail, wind damage, or shingle wear to support insurance claims; (3) Instant bid and proposal generation, turning measurement data into detailed pricing in seconds; (4) Automated lead scoring, immediate SMS/email quote follow-ups, and appointment scheduling via CRM systems; and (5) Supply chain verification, such as automated order health checks that audit order lists against local building codes and manufacturer warranty rules.limited support
Sources (3)
- McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), 'A Future That Works: Automation, Employment, and Productivity' (2017) / Illinois Economic Policy Institute, 'Potential Impacts of a Highly Automated Construction Industry on Workers' (2018) ↗
- O*NET OnLine, U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, '47-2181.00 - Roofers' (Updated 2026) ↗
- National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) (2026) - 'Only 8% of U.S. construction professionals use AI on the job' | Roofing Contractor Magazine (2025) - 'Distributors Streamlining Operations with AI' - | EagleView (2025) - 'How Drone Roof Measuring Software Solves Problems' - https://www.eagleview.com/blog/drone-roof-measuring-software | National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) (2024) - 'AI in Construction' ↗
Field-service software
| Fsm Adoption5 research passes · verified | 74% |
| Dominant Fsm Software | AccuLynx and JobNimbus |
Sources (2)
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, 2026 State of the Industry Report (2026) ↗
- Roofing Software Guide (2026)
Accounting technology
Common Accounting Software. According to industry research, 67% of roofing contractors utilize enterprise or accounting software. QuickBooks (Online and Desktop) is the predominant accounting backbone for small-to-midsize roofing contractors, typically paired with field CRMs such as AccuLynx, JobNimbus, and Roofr. For mid-market and enterprise roofing contractors requiring detailed job costing, certified payroll, and WIP reporting, Sage (Sage 100 Contractor, Sage 300 CRE), Viewpoint (Vista/ComputerEase), Foundation Software, and Xero are the primary specialized accounting/ERP platforms.
Sources (1)
- Roofing Contractor / myCLEARopinion Insights Hub (2026), ; JBKnowledge Construction Technology Report (2020 ↗
AI adoption
| Ai Adoption Rate5 research passes · high confidence | 40% |
Adoption Examples. Documented adoption in the roofing industry spans trade studies, software platforms, and distributor tools: (1) Trade Studies: DEWALT's 'AI in the Trades' survey (2026, reported by the National Roofing Contractors Association) found 90% of construction professionals believe AI will be indispensable within five years, with 41% using AI for estimation/procurement and 37% actively researching/piloting tools. (2) AI Measurement & Inspection: EagleView Assess and Hover utilize computer vision on drone and smartphone photos to construct interactive 3D roof models and automatically pinpoint storm damage for insurance claims. (3) Distributor Integration: SRS Distribution launched an AI Center of Excellence and embedded AI into RoofHub, performing automated 'health checks' on orders to flag missing code-compliant accessories before checkout. (4) AI Estimating & Sales: Platforms like Roofr, QuoteIQ, and Pitch Gauge leverage AI to build instant quotes and proposals in under 60 seconds, while platforms like CrewLadder automate post-quote follow-up campaigns during post-storm lead surges.limited support
Sources (2)
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, '2026 State of the Roofing Industry Report' ( ↗
- National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) (2026) - 'Only 8% of U.S. construction professionals use AI on the job' | Roofing Contractor Magazine (2025) - 'Distributors Streamlining Operations with AI' - | EagleView (2025) - 'How Drone Roof Measuring Software Solves Problems' - https://www.eagleview.com/blog/drone-roof-measuring-software | National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) (2024) - 'AI in Construction' ↗
Channel & disintermediation
Lead-gen platforms
| Marketplace Penetration4 research passes · limited support | 11.8% |
| Platform Take Rate5 research passes · high confidence | 10% |
| Platform Take Rate Pct Shared Across | 13% |
Platforms Note. Angi reports an overall market penetration of under 1.5% across the $700 billion residential home services market (3-4% among small pros with <10 employees, and under 0.5% among large pros). The platform maintains an estimated 10% take rate, where pros pay approximately $50 per lead on average (with high-value trade categories like roofing ranging between $50 and $150 per shared lead), winning roughly 1 out of 7 to 8 leads at an average job value of $4,000.
Platform Take Rate Pct Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 13 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Sources (2)
- Trade Economy Index research synthesis: median of 3 cited research inputs: Angi Inc., Q1 2026 Earnings Call Transcript, 2026, | NRCA (National Roofing Contractors Association) Digital Marketing Report (2025), https://www.nrca.net | Roofing Contractor Magazine (2025, https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/102008-homeowner-insights-how-consumers-find-and-select-roofing-contractors); cross-checked with Angi Inc. Q1 2026 Shareholder Letter & Earnings Call (2026, https://ir.angi.com/quarterly-earnings ↗
- Angi Inc., Q1 2026 Earnings Call Transcript, 2026 ↗
Customer-acquisition mix
| Pct Referral3 research passes · limited support | 55 |
| Pct Digital4 research passes · limited support | 54 |
| Pct Marketplace5 research passes · limited support | 34 |
| Pct Repeat5 research passes · limited support | 61 |
Sources (4)
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, 2026 ↗
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, 2026 Homeowner Survey (); cross-checked with Glass House Pro, 2026 Lead Generation Benchmark (https://glasshousepro.com) reporting ~40% combined organic SEO and paid search lead mix. ↗
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, '2025 Homeowner Roofing Survey: Tracking the Journey' (myCLEARopinion Insights Hub), 2025 ↗
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, 2025 ↗
Insurance & warranty
| Pct Insurance Channel2 research passes · medium | 25 |
| Home Warranty Penetration2 research passes · official source | 4% |
Intermediation Note. Home warranty intermediaries and property insurance carriers manage contractor-customer relationships by controlling work dispatch through proprietary preferred contractor networks (e.g., Frontdoor completing 84% of service requests via preferred networks), establishing fixed service schedules and unit-rate pricing frameworks (such as Xactimate software estimates for insurance claims), leveraging aggregate purchasing power for materials/parts, and serving as the direct point of contact for claim processing and customer retention.
Sources (3)
- Roofing Contractor Magazine / Industry Surveys (2026), cross-checked with Verisk U.S. Roofing Realities Report in Roofing Contractor Magazine (2025), https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/100412-verisk-report-shows-roofing-claim-costs-spike-to-nearly-31b ↗
- Frontdoor, Inc. Form 10-K Annual Report (2025), cross-checked with Frontdoor, Inc. Form 10-K Annual Report (2026), https://www.sec.gov/edgar ↗
- Frontdoor, Inc. Form 10-K Annual Report (2025), cross-checked with Roofing Contractor Magazine (2025), https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/100412-verisk-report-shows-roofing-claim-costs-spike-to-nearly-31b ↗
Lock-in & expansion
Recurring-revenue mix
| Recurring Revenue3 research passes · high confidence | 16% |
| Service Agreement Attach1 research pass · limited support | 10% |
Recurring Note. Unlike HVAC or plumbing, the roofing trade is structurally dominated by re-roofing replacements and storm restoration projects, with baseline contractors generating under 10% of revenue from recurring commercial maintenance or inspection agreements, while specialized commercial operators target 15% to 25%+.
Contract terms
| Typical Contract Length Months4 research passes · medium | 12 |
| Renewal Rate5 research passes · high confidence | 85% |
| Typical Contract Length Months Shared Across | 8 |
Stickiness Note. Roofing maintenance contracts exhibit high customer stickiness due to auto-renewal provisions (typically requiring a 60-day written notice), strict manufacturer No-Dollar-Limit (NDL) warranty requirements that mandate documented annual inspections to stay valid, and priority emergency response service provided to contracted clients.
Typical Contract Length Months Note. This figure is an industry-wide benchmark, not a per-trade measurement: the same value is published for 8 trade or segment records in this dataset. Read it as the specialty-trade baseline, not as a finding that distinguishes this trade from another.
Sources (2)
- Main Street Wealth (2026) ↗
- Auctus Capital Partners (2026)
Cross-sell & expansion
| Avg Services Per Customer2 research passes · verified | 5.5 |
| Upsell Attach2 research passes · limited support | 39% |
Cross Sell Note. According to ServiceTitan's 2025 Exterior Service Report surveying over 1,000 contractors, roofing and exterior businesses are actively expanding into adjacent categories: 40% are branching out into siding, 23% into metal roofing, 22% into roofing insurance claims, and 11% into solar and doors.
Entry barriers & data
Capital intensity
| Startup Cost5 research passes · medium | $200K |
| Capex Pct Of Revenue5 research passes · medium | 1.5 |
Equipment Note. Roofing contractors require service vehicles/trucks, safety harnesses, ladders, air compressors, pneumatic nail guns, hand tools, and flex/warehouse office space. Specialized or heavy equipment is typically rented as needed or bypassed by using subcontractor installation crews.
Regulatory burden
Permit Burden Note. Roofing contractors face substantial permitting and regulatory compliance requirements under model codes such as the International Building Code (IBC) and International Residential Code (IRC). Under IRC Section R907.3, reroofing projects affecting more than 25% of total roof area trigger full code compliance for the entire roof surface, requiring site plans, material specifications, wind-resistance engineering, and mandatory municipal permits before work begins.
Compliance Cost Note. Roofing contractors incur significant compliance costs to meet OSHA fall protection standards under 29 CFR 1926.501, requiring investment in personal fall arrest systems (PFAS), guardrails, safety gear, and mandatory worker training. Non-compliance carries severe financial risk: baseline OSHA serious violations carry fines up to $16,553 per violation, while willful or repeat violations can reach $165,534 per violation.
Regulatory Tailwind Note. Energy efficiency and decarbonization mandates are expanding market demand for premium commercial and residential roofing services. The International Energy Conservation Code (IECC 2021/2024) mandates higher continuous insulation (such as R-30ci) and multi-layer staggered insulation. Additionally, state regulations like California's Title 24 mandate Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) certified reflective materials and solar PV/battery readiness for major re-roofing projects.
Data assets
| Iot Telemetry Penetration5 research passes · medium | 54% |
Sources (1)
- myCLEARopinion Insights Hub / Roofing Contractor, 2026 ↗
M&A, PE & valuation
Consolidation
Consolidation Activity. The US roofing trade is undergoing rapid and intense private equity roll-up and consolidation. According to PitchBook data, private equity investments targeting US roofing companies reached an all-time high of 82 deals in 2024, representing a 30% increase year-over-year. PE Hub and industry M&A reports indicate that the count of active PE-backed roofing platforms grew from 17 at the start of 2023 to 56 by year-end 2024 (a 229% increase in 24 months), with platform and add-on deal velocity reaching roughly one transaction every 48 hours by mid-2025. This consolidation wave is propelled by extreme market fragmentation (the top five contractors control less than 10% of total market share), high proportion of non-discretionary repair and re-roofing needs (accounting for over 64% of sector demand), aging housing and commercial building stock, and resilient cash flow dynamics.
Notable Platforms. Prominent PE platforms and acquirers actively consolidating the US roofing trade include: (1) Tecta America, majority-owned by Altas Partners with minority investment from Leonard Green & Partners, operating as the nation's largest commercial roofing platform with over 85 locations across 32 states (notable add-ons include J Reynolds & Co); (2) Rampart Exterior Services, launched in 2024 by Huron Capital as an ExecFactor platform, which acquired Independent Roofing Systems (2024), Port Enterprises (2025), and Colorado Moisture Control (2026); (3) Valor Exterior Partners, backed by Osceola Capital Management, which acquired Roofing King (March 2025), Kirkin Exteriors (July 2025), and Kingdom Krafters (2025); (4) Omnia Exterior Solutions, launched in May 2023 by CCMP Growth Advisors, which scaled to 11 residential roofing partnerships across 22 states (including Brandon J Roofing, Great Roofing, and James & Whitney Company); and (5) Ridgeline Roofing & Restoration, backed by Bertram Capital and Everberg Capital, which acquired Signature Exteriors and Bold North Roofing in 2025.
Sources (9)
- PitchBook (2025) PE Hub (2024, 2026) https://www.pehub.com; Roofing Contractor (2025) https://www.roofingcontractor.com ↗
- PE Hub (2021, 2024, 2025, 2026) PitchBook (2025) https://pitchbook.com; Buyouts / PEI Group (2023) https://www.buyoutsinsider.com ↗
- PitchBook (2025) - ↗
- PE Hub (2021) - ↗
- PE Hub (2024) - ↗
- PE Hub (2025) - ↗
- PE Hub (2026) - ↗
- Buyouts Insider / PEI Group (2023) - ↗
- Roofing Contractor (2025) - ↗
Valuation multiples
| Typical Ebitda Multiple Low1 research pass · high confidence | 2.5x |
| Typical Ebitda Multiple High3 research passes · medium | 10x |
Sources (2)
- CT Acquisitions, 'Roofing M&A Multiples Report 2026' (2026)
- Forbes Partners (2025)
Exit environment
Buyer Demand. Current buyer demand for US roofing businesses is exceptionally strong, driven by private equity funds, PE-backed platform consolidators, and strategic corporate acquirers. Acquirers are drawn to the trade's extreme fragmentation ( top operators hold ~4-6% of the $50B+ US market), non-discretionary repair/replacement demand, low capital intensity, and high free cash flow conversion. Buyers value most: (1) recurring and re-occurring revenue streams from commercial maintenance agreements and self-pay residential re-roofing over cyclical new construction; (2) strong EBITDA margins (10%-15%+); (3) geographic density and contiguous hub-and-spoke expansion potential; and (4) technology-enhanced operations with professionalized management independent of the founder.
Exit Trend. Heating up. Exit trends in the US roofing sector remain near all-time high activity levels. Active private equity-backed roofing platforms tripled from 17 in early 2023 to 56 by late 2024 (a 229% increase), with aggressive platform formation and add-on acquisition cadence persisting through 2025 and 2026. While buyers have shown increased diligence around integration, normalizing valuation multiples to sustainable 6x-10x EBITDA ranges for platform-quality assets, independent owners face an extraordinarily receptive exit market with multiple competing buyer types.
Sources (6)
- KPMG Corporate Finance, Roofing Contracting: M&A Market Update (2026) ↗
- KPMG Corporate Finance, Roofing Contracting: M&A Market Update (2026), Anchor Peabody, The M&A Market for Roofing Companies (2024/2025), https://anchorpeabody.com; Hyde Park Capital, Roofing M&A Environment and Consolidation (2025), https://hydeparkcapital.com ↗
- Anchor Peabody, The M&A Market for Roofing Companies (2024/2025) ↗
- Hyde Park Capital, Roofing M&A Environment and Consolidation (2025) ↗
- Capstone Partners, Construction Services M&A Update (2025/2026) ↗
- Roofing Contractor Magazine, Private Equity Acceleration in Roofing (2025) ↗
Demand & growth
Demand drivers
| Installed Base Units5 research passes · medium | 145,333,462 |
Replacement Vs New Note. Re-roofing, replacement, and renovation account for approximately 80% of overall U.S. roofing contractor market demand, with new construction representing the remaining ~20%.
Demand Drivers Note. Primary demand drivers for the U.S. roofing trade include an aging housing stock (median home age nearing 40 years, triggering lifecycle roof replacements), severe weather and convective storm events driving non-discretionary insurance claims, adoption of energy-efficient and resilient roofing systems, and interest rate cycles influencing construction and renovation spending.
Macro correlation
Housing Correlation Note. New construction roofing demand directly correlates with single-family housing starts and total residential construction spending; however, new construction represents only ~20% to 21% of total US residential roofing demand. The remaining ~79% to 80% is driven by re-roofing and replacement cycles on existing housing stock, making total residential roofing demand significantly less volatile than single-family housing starts during economic downturns.
Commercial Correlation Note. Commercial roofing demand correlates closely with total nonresidential construction spending trends, with new commercial builds driving demand for low-slope single-ply membranes (TPO, EPDM) and modified bitumen. Similar to residential roofing, commercial roofing activity is heavily supported by maintenance, repair, and replacement across an aging commercial building stock, where over 70% of structures were built prior to 2000, providing downside insulation when new commercial building starts contract.
Climate Sensitivity Note. US roofing demand is highly sensitive to climate and extreme weather events. Hailstorms, hurricanes, and severe wind events cause immediate demand surges, with storm-related repairs generating over 20% of annual replacement demand and wind/hail accounting for over 50% of residential roof claims. Simultaneously, extreme heat exposure drives regulatory and consumer shifts toward energy-efficient cool roofs; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) regional studies show cool reflective roofs reduce surface temperatures by 1.5°C and decrease air conditioning energy demand by up to 16.6%.
Sources (3)
- U.S. Census Bureau & FRED (2026), 'Total Construction Spending: Residential in the United States [TLRESCONS]' (); U.S. Census Bureau & FRED (2026), 'New Privately Owned Housing Units Started [HOUST]' (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/HOUST); The Freedonia Group / Construction Owners Club (2024), 'US Roofing Market Forecast and Trends' (https://www.constructionowners.com/news/us-roofing-market-a-forecast-of-slow-growth-and-shifting-trends). ↗
- U.S. Census Bureau & FRED (2026), 'Producer Price Index by Industry: Roofing Contractors, Nonresidential Building Work' (); Associated Builders and Contractors / Roofing Contractor (2025), 'Nonresidential Construction Spending Analysis' (https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/99868-abc-nonresidential-construction-spending-declines-in-august); TM Capital (2021), 'Building Products Industry Spotlight' . ↗
- U.S. Department of Energy / Argonne National Laboratory (2023), 'Cool Roofs Reduce Heat and Cooling Energy Demand' (); U.S. Department of Energy / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (2026), 'Accelerated Aging of Cool Roof Materials' ; Illinois Roofing Institute (2025), 'Roofing Industry Report: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities' . ↗
Reputation & customer
Customer acquisition
| Typical Cac3 research passes · medium | $600 |
| Avg Review Volume2 research passes · medium | 22 |
| Complaint Categories | Poor communication, substandard workmanship, failure to honor warranties, project abandonment/incomplete work, and pricing or contract transparency disputes. |
Segment economics
How the unit economics differ by end market. Commercial and industrial work typically carries different margin, cash-cycle, and utilization profiles than residential. Published figures retain their citations.
Unit economics by revenue band
The same trade runs very different numbers at $500K than at $30M. Here are the operating benchmarks by annual-revenue band. Every cell shown carries an external, citable source (CFMA revenue-tier benchmarks, IBISWorld). Blank cells are metrics no public source splits by band.
Market structure
National permit and contractor-density aggregates from public county tax-assessor and building-permit records. Aggregate-only; no individual property or business identified.
Building permits (national)
| Year | Permits | Contractors | Median job value | P90 job value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 415,901 | 31,508 | $19K | $347K |
| 2023 | 537,970 | 33,303 | $17K | $331K |
| 2024 | 305,197 | 30,150 | $28K | $371K |
Contractor size tiers
| Size tier | Contractors | Avg total permit value |
|---|---|---|
| Micro (5-19) | 20,841 | $3.6M |
| Small (20-99) | 8,028 | $14.91M |
| Mid (100-499) | 1,524 | $42.8M |
| Large (500+) | 244 | $170.48M |
Top states by permit volume
| State | Permits | Contractors | Median job value |
|---|---|---|---|
| FL | 487,617 | 15,692 | $14K |
| CA | 188,804 | 15,782 | $29K |
| CO | 122,820 | 3,186 | $8K |
| OR | 85,065 | 1,745 | $3 |
| TX | 51,867 | 4,567 | $43K |
| WA | 37,808 | 2,054 | $21K |
| IN | 25,901 | 1,016 | $67K |
| IL | 23,063 | 3,605 | $59K |
| MA | 21,548 | 3,537 | $34K |
| NC | 21,528 | 2,250 | $137K |
Geography
Wage differentials and licensing/bonding regimes vary widely by state, and contractor density and permit trends by metro. Every figure carries its state or metro source (BLS/OEWS, licensing boards, permit records). Aggregate-only.
Wages by state (median hourly)
Ranked high to low. Differential vs the national median. Source: state BLS/OEWS.
| State | Median hourly | vs national |
|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts | $33.32 | +35.94% |
| Alaska | $30.64 | +25.01% |
| Illinois | $30.51 | +24.48% |
| California | $30.43 | +24.15% |
| Minnesota | $30.29 | +23.58% |
| Connecticut | $29.62 | +20.85% |
| New Jersey | $29.54 | +20.52% |
| Washington | $29.22 | +19.22% |
| New York | $29.13 | +18.85% |
| Hawaii | $28.51 | +16.32% |
| Rhode Island | $28.13 | +14.77% |
| Maryland | $26.54 | +8.28% |
| Nevada | $25.40 | +3.63% |
| Colorado | $25.01 | +2.04% |
| Delaware | $24.94 | +1.75% |
| Vermont | $24.82 | +1.26% |
| Michigan | $24.79 | +1.14% |
| Ohio | $24.53 | +0.08% |
| New Hampshire | $24.16 | -1.43% |
| Arizona | $24.01 | -2.04% |
| Indiana | $23.93 | -2.37% |
| Oregon | $23.54 | -3.96% |
| Utah | $23.46 | -4.28% |
| Montana | $23.40 | -4.53% |
| Wisconsin | $23.32 | -4.86% |
| North Dakota | $23.30 | -4.94% |
| Pennsylvania | $23.24 | -5.18% |
| Maine | $23.05 | -5.96% |
| Missouri | $23.04 | -6% |
| Iowa | $22.98 | -6.24% |
| Virginia | $22.84 | -6.81% |
| Kansas | $22.83 | -6.85% |
| Georgia | $22.82 | -6.9% |
| Kentucky | $22.56 | -7.96% |
| North Carolina | $22.46 | -8.36% |
| Florida | $22.42 | -8.53% |
| Idaho | $22.23 | -9.3% |
| Nebraska | $22.09 | -9.87% |
| Arkansas | $21.94 | -10.49% |
| Texas | $21.70 | -11.46% |
| Alabama | $21.33 | -12.97% |
| Louisiana | $20.82 | -15.06% |
| Tennessee | $20.72 | -15.46% |
| New Mexico | $20.14 | -17.83% |
| South Carolina | $19.92 | -18.73% |
| Oklahoma | $19.71 | -19.58% |
| Wyoming | $18.61 | -24.07% |
| South Dakota | $18.49 | -24.56% |
| Mississippi | $18.47 | -24.64% |
| West Virginia | $17.67 | -27.91% |
Metro-level detail (50 metros)
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 OEWS report, there were approximately 1,090 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA metropolitan area.
Residential permitting activity in the Atlanta MSA saw a 6% rebound in annual volume in 2024 before shifting to a 6% year-over-year decline through mid-2025 due to elevated mortgage rates and market normalization.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, the Austin-Round Rock, TX metropolitan statistical area had approximately 480 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing an occupational density of 0.43 per 1,000 jobs.
In the Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX MSA, residential building permit volume experienced a downward trend, with 23,622 units authorized over the 12 months ending May 2026, and monthly permit issuance in May 2026 down 53.2% compared to the prior year.
In the Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD MSA, there were an estimated 1,280 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, reflecting a location quotient of 1.11 relative to the national concentration and a median hourly wage of $23.15.
Private residential building permits in the Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD MSA showed a positive trend, authorizing 5,514 total housing units over the trailing 12-month period, a 24.2% year-over-year increase representing roughly 1.94 permits per 1,000 residents.
As of May 2023, the Birmingham-Hoover, AL MSA had an estimated 200 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) and 80 Helpers--Roofers (SOC 47-3016), representing a location quotient of 0.44 for Roofers (0.388 per 1,000 jobs) compared to the national average.
According to Census Building Permits Survey data, the Birmingham-Hoover AL MSA recorded 4,384 building permits over the trailing 12 months, representing a 59.7% year-over-year increase (3.71 permits per 1,000 residents).
In the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH MSA, the trade employs approximately 6,050 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) with an average hourly wage of $37.75 and annual mean wage of $78,530.
New residential building permits in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton metro area totaled 14,593 authorized units in 2022 (a 12.1% decline from 2021), while total authorized residential permit valuation increased 7.5% year-over-year to $4.0 billion.
In the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY MSA, there were 640 employed Roofers (SOC Code 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing a concentration of 1.206 roofers per 1,000 total jobs and a location quotient of 1.36 relative to the national baseline.
Residential building permit and construction activity in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls MSA showed steady growth, with HUD estimating 3-year market demand for 2,950 new single-family homes (370 under construction) and 5,000 new rental units (2,675 under construction) as of mid-2024. National Association of Realtors data also showed a 47.6% improvement in the metro's single-family permitting rate per new job created during 2024.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) OEWS data, there were 950 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC metropolitan statistical area as of May 2023, representing an occupational density of 0.724 roofers per 1,000 total jobs in the metro.
According to HUD and U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, homebuilding in the Charlotte metropolitan area saw single-family sales permits remain steady at approximately 19,150 units in 2023 (down less than 1% from 19,250 in 2022), while multifamily rental permits declined 36% to 12,950 units as builders slowed production to absorb completed supply.
According to May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI metropolitan area employed 4,510 roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a location quotient of 1.13 and approximately 1 roofer per 1,000 total jobs in the metro.
New residential building permit activity in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin metro area has remained modest, authorizing approximately 15,000 total new private housing units in 2023, reflecting a flat to subdued overall housing construction trend compared to historical averages.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program, there were 920 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area in May 2023, with a location quotient of 0.85 relative to the national average.
According to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data reported by HUD SOCDS and the Cincinnati Regional Chamber, total residential building permits in the Cincinnati MSA reached 7,089 units in 2024. Single-family permits increased to 4,250 units for the 12-month period ending August 2025 (up from 3,925 in the prior period), while multifamily permits adjusted slightly to 2,525 units, reflecting a stable overall residential permit trend.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), as of May 2023, there were 770 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Cleveland-Elyria, OH metropolitan statistical area, representing a location quotient of 0.86 relative to national occupational concentration.
According to HUD analysis of Census Building Permits Survey data, total residential building permits in the Cleveland-Elyria metro reached 5,185 units in 2020, 4,546 in 2021, and 5,303 in 2022, before shifting to 4,909 units for the 12 months ending June 2023 (an 11.3% decline compared to 5,537 units in the 12 months ending June 2022).
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Columbus, OH metropolitan statistical area had an estimated 780 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing an occupational density of 0.73 roofers per 1,000 total jobs.
Construction permitting in the Columbus metropolitan area has experienced strong growth, pulling 13,709 building permits over a trailing 12-month period, which represents a 63.7% year-over-year increase (6.37 permits per 1,000 residents).
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX metropolitan area had 2,320 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a density of 0.58 roofers per 1,000 jobs. Additionally, Census County Business Patterns data analyzed by NCTCOG recorded 721 roofing contractor establishments (NAICS 238160) in the metro.
In 2024, the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan area authorized 71,788 new residential units via building permits according to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, ranking DFW first among all U.S. metropolitan statistical areas for overall residential permit volume (22.2 permits per 1,000 existing homes).
As of May 2023, the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO MSA employed approximately 1,510 roofers (SOC 47-2181), corresponding to a location quotient of 0.95 compared to the national employment density.
New residential building permit volume in the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood MSA trended downward in recent years, falling 21.8% in 2022 to 23,472 units, with single-family home permits dropping 34% year-over-year in the 12 months ending August 2023 due to elevated mortgage interest rates.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS survey, there were 1,300 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI MSA, representing a worker density of 0.685 per 1,000 total jobs in the metropolitan area.
Residential building permit volume in Southeast Michigan and the Detroit metropolitan area has trended downward overall since peaking in early 2021, impacted by high construction costs, elevated interest rates, and trade worker shortages.
In May 2023, the Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT MSA had 360 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing an employment density of 0.71 roofers per 1,000 total jobs and a location quotient of 0.635 compared to the national baseline.
Residential permitting in the area has experienced a modest rebound, with total new private housing units authorized in Hartford County reaching 1,403 units in 2022 (up from prior years) and contributing to statewide annual authorizations exceeding 5,200 units in 2022 and 2023 (compared to under 4,000 in 2021). However, regional construction intensity remains low overall, with the metro authorizing roughly 4.1 new housing units per 1,000 existing homes.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), there were approximately 1,300 roofers (SOC 47-2181) employed in the Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX metropolitan statistical area, earning a mean annual wage of $45,570 ($21.91/hr).
Residential building permit activity in the Houston metropolitan statistical area led the nation with 68,755 total housing units permitted in 2023 (50,444 single-family units). Although down slightly from 2022 levels, 2023 marked the fifth-highest permitting volume on record for the metro, and regional construction contract awards expanded by 31% in 2024 to reach $43.8 billion.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS report for the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN MSA, there were an estimated 840 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) earning a mean annual wage of $52,470.
Residential building permit activity in the Indianapolis metro area reached 11,463 total permits issued ($3.98 billion in valuation), led heavily by single-family structures which accounted for 9,322 units (81.3% of total permits) as single-family construction volume surged year-over-year.
According to BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) data, there were 1,450 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Jacksonville, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area, earning a mean hourly wage of $22.15 ($45,950 annual mean). Additionally, local trade records indicate over 200 licensed roofing contractors operating in Duval County alone.
The Jacksonville metropolitan region shows active residential permit activity, registering 953 residential construction permits totaling $254.2 million in a single month (September 2025), with Duval County leading at 308 permits ($54.9 million) and St. Johns County following with 292 permits ($80.3 million).
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were 830 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Kansas City, MO-KS metropolitan statistical area as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 0.86 relative to national employment density.
According to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, the Kansas City, MO-KS metropolitan statistical area authorized 10,714 total residential housing units over a trailing 12-month period through early 2026, reflecting a 38.3% year-over-year increase and a rate of 4.87 permits per 1,000 residents.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, the Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV MSA had 1,340 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing an occupational density of 1.24 per 1,000 jobs and a location quotient of 1.39 compared to the national rate.
According to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data retrieved from FRED, new private single-family housing units authorized by building permits in the Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV MSA (series LASV832BP1FH) have maintained a strong upward trend in recent years, averaging over 800 to 1,000 authorized single-family units per month, driving ongoing roofing demand across new residential developments.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, there were 4,680 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA MSA as of May 2023, representing a ratio of approximately 0.76 roofers per 1,000 total jobs in the metro area.
Residential building permitting in the city of Los Angeles experienced a 23% drop in 2024 compared to 2023, falling from 11,311 permitted units to 8,706 units.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metropolitan area had 480 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181) with an annual mean wage of $50,890.
New private housing units authorized by building permits in the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN MSA have maintained steady overall construction activity, averaging between 200 and 400 authorized units monthly over recent years.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 OEWS report, the Memphis, TN-MS-AR metropolitan area employed approximately 370 Roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a location quotient of 0.66 relative to national concentration, with an annual mean wage of $45,060.
According to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, total new private housing units authorized by building permits in the Memphis, TN-MS-AR MSA trended downward following a 2021 post-pandemic peak, mirroring national multi-year contractions in residential construction permitting through 2023.
As of May 2023, the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach MSA employed approximately 4,990 roofers (SOC 47-2181), making it one of the largest regional concentrations of roofing labor in the Southeast.
In 2022, the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach metro area authorized 19,813 total new residential housing units via building permits, representing a 21.7% decrease compared to 2021 permit volume.
The Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI metropolitan statistical area employed approximately 890 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 1.23, which indicates a 23% higher concentration of roofing employment relative to the national average.
Single-family residential building permitting in the Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis metro area experienced modest growth from 1,377 units in 2023 to 1,411 units in 2024 (a 2.5% increase), stabilizing after a period of post-pandemic housing permit stagnation across the region.
According to BLS OEWS data, there were 1,310 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI MSA, representing a worker density of approximately 0.69 roofers per 1,000 jobs in the metropolitan area.
According to U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, total residential construction permitting in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington MSA cooled from 2021-2022 peaks, with single-family permits softening slightly and multifamily unit permits declining sharply by nearly 60% in 2024 to approximately 1,500 units before stabilizing.
The Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN metropolitan area employed approximately 2,480 roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, earning a mean annual wage of $48,180.
Total housing unit building permits in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN MSA decreased by 33% when comparing July 2020 (3,144 units) to July 2025 (2,099 units), driven primarily by contractions in multifamily (5+ unit) construction.
As of May 2023, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 220 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSA, representing an employment concentration (location quotient) of 0.48 relative to the national average, with an annual mean wage of $43,550.
Residential construction permitting in the New Orleans-Metairie MSA experienced a sharp contraction following post-2022 interest rate increases, with single-family housing permits falling 41% year-to-date by mid-2023 before moderating and showing signs of stabilization into 2024.
In the New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA metropolitan statistical area, there were 3,690 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing approximately 0.39 roofers per 1,000 jobs with a location quotient of 0.44 and an annual mean wage of $71,090.
Residential permitting activity in the New York-Newark-Jersey City metropolitan area rebounded in early 2025 following a post-2022 slowdown, with single-family permitting rising 11% (up 320 homes) in Q1 2025 compared to Q1 2024.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 OEWS survey, there were 560 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) employed in the Oklahoma City, OK Metropolitan Statistical Area, representing an employment concentration of 0.848 per 1,000 total jobs in the metro area.
According to HUD's Comprehensive Housing Market Analysis, residential construction demand in the Oklahoma City metro remains strong with a 3-year forecast demand (2024-2027) for 19,550 single-family sales units and 4,475 rental units. Additionally, the City of Oklahoma City mandated that as of August 2025, all residential re-roofing projects over 500 square feet require dedicated building permits and full tear-off inspections.
In the Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL MSA, there were 3,590 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a concentration of 2.63 roofers per 1,000 jobs and a location quotient of 2.95 (nearly three times the national concentration average).
The Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford MSA authorized 14,000 to 16,000 new single-family housing building permits annually in 2023-2024. In 2025, single-family permitting experienced a moderate pullback across Florida (~10% decline) due to elevated mortgage rates, while total private housing structure permits in core Orange County rose from 8,052 units in 2024 to 13,140 units in 2025.
The Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD metropolitan area had 1,920 Roofers (SOC 47-2041) employed, representing a location quotient of 0.76 relative to the national average.
Residential building permitting in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA trended downward between 2020 and 2025, dropping by 546 permitted units in monthly comparative snapshots (from 1,483 to 937 units), primarily driven by contractions in multifamily unit authorizations.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ metropolitan statistical area employed approximately 2,610 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 1.28 (28% higher concentration of roofing trade workers relative to the national average).
In the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler housing market area, residential permit activity averaged 22,600 homes permitted annually across 2022 and 2023 before increasing 37 percent in 2024 to 31,050 homes permitted.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) May 2023 OEWS estimates, there were 730 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, representing an employment density of approximately 0.685 roofers per 1,000 total jobs.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau 2024 Annual Building Permits Survey, total residential building permits in Pittsburgh, PA dropped from 2,512 authorized units in 2023 to 1,664 authorized units in 2024, representing a decrease of 848 units (-33.8%).
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA metropolitan statistical area employed approximately 2,270 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing an employment density of 1.88 roofers per 1,000 jobs and a location quotient of 2.11.
Single-family residential building permits in the Oregon portion of the Portland metropolitan area increased by 5% year-over-year into the first quarter of 2025, signaling a moderate uptick in local residential construction activity.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were approximately 250 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metropolitan Statistical Area as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 0.49 relative to the national average.
Overall new residential building permit activity in the Providence-Warwick MSA remains low compared to national averages, authorizing roughly 3.6 new housing units per 1,000 existing homes in 2024. However, multifamily permitting showed significant growth, increasing over 175% in 2024 relative to its 5-year baseline.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), there were approximately 590 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Raleigh, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area as of May 2023.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey, the Raleigh-Cary metropolitan area authorized 18,206 residential building permits over a trailing 12-month period (12.81 permits per 1,000 residents), reflecting an accelerating year-over-year growth trend of +15.5%.
According to U.S. Census Bureau data cited by Forbes Home, approximately 400 roofing companies service the Richmond, VA area.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey, the Richmond MSA authorized 9,973 new residential housing units in 2023 and sustained strong permitting momentum into 2024 with 14.7 authorized units per 1,000 existing homes, placing it among the top large metropolitan areas in new construction activity.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) May 2023 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, there were 2,160 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA metropolitan statistical area, representing an employment density of 1.298 per 1,000 jobs and a location quotient of 1.46 relative to the national average.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey, residential construction permitting in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario MSA logged 18,608 total housing units authorized in 2023 (11,168 single-family units and 7,440 multi-family units), reflecting a moderate slowdown from peak 2021-2022 activity due to elevated mortgage rates while remaining significantly higher than pre-2020 annual levels.
As of May 2023, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 1,560 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade, CA metropolitan area, earning an average annual wage of $69,820 ($33.57/hour).
Residential building permits in Sacramento County totaled 6,747 in 2024 with a valuation of $1.96 billion, driven by a 21.4% increase in single-family unit authorizations from 4,011 units in 2023 to 4,868 units in 2024.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) report, the Salt Lake City, UT metropolitan statistical area employed 1,310 roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a location quotient of 1.83 (1.631 roofers per 1,000 jobs) compared to national averages.
Building permit activity across the Wasatch Front / Salt Lake region peaked in 2022 at over 28,000 new residential units before moderating to approximately 18,000 units between mid-2023 and mid-2024 due to high interest rates, though Salt Lake City proper added 3,696 new housing units (~20% of the regional growth).
According to BLS OEWS data for the San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX MSA, there were 410 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 0.43 compared to the national employment concentration.
Residential building permitting in the San Antonio-New Braunfels MSA normalized following post-pandemic peak levels, with multifamily permitting declining 35% in 2023 to 9,725 units, followed by approximately 15,000 total residential units authorized in 2024 as single-family construction stabilized.
According to U.S. Census Bureau County Business Patterns data published in City of San Diego reporting, there were 286 roofing contractor establishments (NAICS 238160) operating in the San Diego metro area.
In 2024, San Diego County authorized 11,193 total residential construction permits representing $2.61 billion in valuation, supported by strong multi-family unit development and local ADU initiatives despite elevated interest rates slowing single-family housing construction.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics May 2023 OEWS report, there were 2,200 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, representing an employment density of 0.91 roofers per 1,000 jobs and a location quotient of 1.02.
In the San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA MSA, total new residential building permits authorized were 11,048 units valued at $3.0 billion in 2022, representing an 18.8% decline in permit volume and a 20.8% decline in total dollar value compared to 2021.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS, there were 1,390 roofers (SOC 47-2181) employed in the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA MSA as of May 2023, representing a location quotient of 1.22 relative to national employment density.
Residential building permits in the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara MSA declined 68% from 1,949 permits in July 2020 to 623 permits in July 2025, according to Census Bureau Building Permits Survey data, representing the largest metro permit decline nationwide.
As of May 2023, there were 2,930 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) employed in the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, representing a location quotient of 1.41 compared to the national average, with an hourly mean wage of $34.49.
Residential building permitting in the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue MSA dropped by more than 30% year-over-year in 2023, driven by higher interest rates and a slowdown in single-family residential construction starts across the metro.
According to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data, there were approximately 1,110 employed roofers (SOC 47-2181) in the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area, earning a mean hourly wage of $28.21 ($58,680 annually).
Residential building permit activity across the 15-county St. Louis metropolitan area has trended downward since 2019, reaching a low point in 2025 with 5,417 total housing unit permits authorized (including 3,530 single-family permits), ranking 58th among major U.S. metropolitan areas.
In the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA, there were 3,340 employed Roofers (SOC 47-2181) with a location quotient of 2.66 (2.365 roofers per 1,000 jobs), indicating a roofer employment concentration 2.66 times the national average.
Residential building permit issuance in the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA remains among the highest in the nation, increasing 9% from 20,950 authorized housing units in 2024 to 22,819 units in 2025.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS data, the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC metropolitan statistical area employed 450 roofers (SOC 47-2181), representing a density of approximately 0.609 roofers per 1,000 jobs in the metro area.
Residential construction volume in Virginia Beach trended upward from 985 housing units added in 2023 to 1,221 housing units in 2024, representing a year-over-year increase of approximately 24% (236 units) as local residential development steadily approaches pre-pandemic levels.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2023 estimates, there were 2,100 Roofers (SOC 47-2181) employed in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, earning an annual mean wage of $59,160 ($28.44 per hour).
Residential building permit authorizations in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV MSA have trended downward over recent years due to higher interest rates and building costs; for example, multi-family construction permitting in the metro declined by 35% in 2024 according to Census Building Permits Survey data.
Building stock (demand base)
Age can inform trade-specific replacement mechanisms, but this cross-sectional file does not measure replacement speed or prove a tailwind across trades. Public state and county tax-assessor and property records (aggregated). Aggregate-only; no individual property or owner identified.
| Construction era | Buildings | Share |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1960 | 1,675,481 | 18.4% |
| 1960-79 | 1,224,848 | 13.5% |
| 1980-99 | 1,367,312 | 15.1% |
| 2000-09 | 756,810 | 8.3% |
| 2010+ | 477,451 | 5.3% |
| unknown | 3,582,985 | 39.4% |
Reputation & professionalization
Public business-review listings (aggregated April 2026). Aggregate only; no individual business identified.
| Businesses analyzed | 22,796 |
| Average rating | 3.80★ |
| Rating (p25 / median / p75) | 3 / 4 / 4.9 |
| Reviews (median / p90) | 6 / 29 |
| Claimed listings | 77.9% |
| Marked closed | 4.3% |
Firmographics
Aggregated public business firmographic records (multi-source SMB dataset). Revenue/employee/age/employer-rating distributions per trade. Aggregate only; no individual company identified.
| Companies analyzed | 11,823 |
| Revenue (p25 / median / p75 / p90) | $5.8M / $9.9M / $20.1M / $34.5M |
| Employees (p25 / median / p75) | 35 / 49 / 87 |
| Median founding year | 2009 |
| Avg employer rating | 3.74★ |
Level CFO benchmarks & public-company reads
Level · https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (free to cite with attribution to Level, levelcfo.com)
| Metric | Value | Detail | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|
| Roofer median wage (SOC 47-2181) | $50,970/yr | Mean $57,090, 10th pct $37,060, 90th $80,780. ↗ | A |
| Installation-trade public gross margin (proxy) | 30% to 34% | Installed Building Products (IBP) 33.8%, TopBuild (BLD) 30.5%, FY2024. These are insulation installers, not roofers (TopBuild's figure blends a lower-margin distribution segment), and roofing carries a different material-cost share. Treat as a loose installation-trade analog, not a roofing gross margin. ↗ | A |
| Roofing contractor firm-wide net margin | ~6% (firm-wide) | Association figure, though dated (2018). Vendor blogs cite 12-25% but those are job-level or best-case, not firm-wide. We show both honestly. ↗ | B |
| US roofing market size | ~$92B, ~109,000 firms | Re-roofing/renovation is ~80% of demand. Roughly 80-90% of total roofing demand is non-discretionary (leaks, storm and age-driven replacement); the 80-85% figure is the widely cited manufacturer/distributor baseline (Owens Corning, Beacon), the ~90% upper bound comes from a 2025 mid-market banking report (Brown Gibbons Lang). ↗ | B |
These operating benchmarks come from Level CFO's contractor analysis. For the full finance-side breakdown, see contractor financial benchmarks.
Historical public-company reference
Snapshot dated 2026-07-23. These large scaled operators provide historical context, not live quotes, current valuation comparisons, or a benchmark for a typical private contractor.
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